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中华人民共和国外资保险公司管理条例实施细则(英文版)

作者:法律资料网 时间:2024-07-04 09:10:18  浏览:9675   来源:法律资料网
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中华人民共和国外资保险公司管理条例实施细则(英文版)

中国保险监督管理委员会


中华人民共和国外资保险公司管理条例实施细则(英文版)


Detailed Rules for Implementation of Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Foreign-funded Insurance Companies

Article 1
These Rules are formulated in accordance with the Insurance Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Foreign-funded Insurance Companies (hereinafter referred to as “the Regulations”).

Article 2
A foreign insurance company under the Regulations refers to an insurance company registered and conducting insurance business outside the territory of China.

Article 3
The proportion of foreign equity in an insurance company incorporated within the territory of China by a foreign insurance company with a Chinese company or enterprise that conducts life insurance business (hereinafter referred to as “joint-equity life insurance company”) shall be no more than 50% of the total equity of the company.

The shares of a joint-equity life insurance company directly or indirectly held by a foreign insurance company shall not exceed the limit of proportion as stipulated in the preceding paragraph.

Article 4
For a foreign-funded insurance company established within the territory of China before the Regulations became effective with registered capital or working capital of less than RMB 200 million or an equivalent amount in a freely convertible currency, its registered capital or working capital shall be fully paid within 2 years after these Rules become effective. For those who fail to fully pay the registered capital or working capital, China Insurance Regulatory Commission shall not grant approval to their application for operation of new business.

Article 5
The registered capital or working capital of a foreign-funded insurance company shall be the actually paid-up currency.

Article 6
After establishing a branch, the foreign insurance company shall not withdraw the working capital in any form.

Article 7
The period of operation of insurance business being more than 30 years, which is mentioned in Item 1 of Article 8 of the Regulations, means that the foreign insurance company shall have continuously been running insurance business for more than 30 years, and the foreign insurance company’s acquisition of another institution or merger with another institution to establish a new insurance company, shall not affect the calculation of the business operation period.

The business operation period of a subsidiary of a foreign insurance company shall start from the date of establishment of the subsidiary.

Article 8
The representative office mentioned in Item 2 of Article 8 of the Regulations refers to the following representative offices approved by China Insurance Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred to as “CIRC”):

(1) The representative office established by a foreign insurance company;
(2) The representative office established by a group to which a foreign insurance company belongs.

Article 9
The representative office established by a foreign insurance company or its group to which the insurance company belongs is only applicable to application for establishing one foreign-funded insurance company.

Article 10
The end of the year prior to the application for the establishment mentioned in Item 3 of Article 8 of the Regulations refers to the end of the previous fiscal year before the date of application.

Article 11
The other prudential requirements mentioned in Item 7 of Article 8 of the Regulations shall at least include the following requirements:

(1) Reasonable structure for corporate governance;
(2) Stable and sound risk control system;
(3) Sound internal control system;
(4) Effective Management Information System;
(5) Good operating performance without records of serious violation of laws and regulations.

Article 12
Where the applicant fails to provide the business license (duplicate) as stipulated in Item 2 of Article 9 of the Regulations, the applicant may provide a valid copy of the business license or a written certificate issued by the relevant authority evidencing the applicant’s eligibility to conduct insurance business.

Article 13
The certificate mentioned in Item 2 of Article 9 of the Regulations, which is issued by the relevant authority of the country or region where the foreign applicant is located to evidence the applicant’s solvency, shall include one of the following contents:

(1) Certifying that the applicant complies with the regulatory requirements of the country or region on solvency in the previous fiscal year as of the date when the relevant authority issues the certificate;
(2) Certifying that the applicant has no record of incompliance with the standard of the country or region on solvency in the previous fiscal year as of the date when the relevant authority issues the certificate.

Article 14
The Letter of Comments issued by the relevant authority of the country or region where the foreign applicant is located concerning the applicant’s application, which is mentioned in Item 2 of Article 9 of the Regulations, shall include the following contents:

(1) Whether the application for the establishment of an insurance institution in China complies with the laws and rules of the applicant’s country or region;
(2) Whether the authority approves the applicant’s application;
(3) The record of the punishment imposed on the applicant in the last three years prior to the date of issuance of the Letter of Comments by the relevant authority;

Article 15
The annual report mentioned in Item 3 of Article 9 of the Regulations shall include the Balance Sheets, Statements of Profit and Loss, and Cash Flow Statements of the applicant in the last three fiscal years prior to the date of application.

The annual report mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be attached with the auditor’s report issued by an accounting or auditing firm authorized by the country or region where the applicant is located.

Article 16
Except otherwise specified by the laws or administrative regulations or approved by the State Council, the Chinese applicant mentioned in Item 4 of Article 9 of the Regulations shall satisfy the following requirements:

(1) The companies or enterprises with the capacity of legal person registered at the administration department of industry and commerce, excluding commercial banks, securities organizations and the foreign-funded enterprises specified in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Foreign-funded Enterprises;
(2) Being approved by the administrative authority of the enterprise or its shareholders’ meeting;
(3) Good operating performance and in the previous fiscal year as of the application date being profitable;
(4) Making the investment with self-owned capital from legitimate sources.

Article 17
The relevant documents to be submitted by a Chinese applicant for the establishment of a joint-equity insurance company shall include business license (duplicate), articles of association, business structure, operation history, annual report and punishment record for the last three years.

Article 18
The person in charge of the preparation of a foreign-funded insurance company shall satisfy the following requirements:

(1) Academic degree above junior college level;
(2) Insurance or related work experience for over 2 years;
(3) No illegal and criminal record.

Article 19
Where an applicant applies for the extension of the preparation period according to the provisions specified in Article 11 of the Regulations, he shall, within 1 month before expiration of the original preparation period, submit a written application to CIRC and explain the reason.

Article 20
The preparation report mentioned in Item 1 of Article 11 of the Regulations shall summarize all the issues stated in other paragraphs under this article.

Article 21
The statutory capital verification organization mentioned in Item 4 of Article 11 of the Regulations refers to an accounting firm complying with the requirements of CIRC.

Article 22
The capital verification certificate mentioned in Item 4 of Article 11 of the Regulations shall include the following contents:

(1) A Capital Verification Report issued by a statutory capital verification organization;
(2) A copy of the original bank receipt voucher evidencing payment of the registered capital or working capital.

Article 23
The main person-in-charge mentioned in Item 5 of Article 11 of the Regulations refers to the general manager of the proposed branch of a foreign insurance company.

The letter of attorney issued to the person to be appointed as the main person-in-charge of the proposed branch of the foreign insurance company, refers to the letter of attorney issued to the person to be appointed as the general manager of the proposed branch of the foreign insurance company, which is signed by the Chairman of the Board of Directors or General Manager of the foreign insurance company.

The letter of attorney shall explicitly specify the scope of authorization granted to the authorized person.

Article 24
The senior managerial personnel of the proposed company mentioned in Item 6 of Article 11 of the Regulations shall have the qualifications specified by CIRC.

The senior managerial personnel of the branch of a foreign insurance company shall have the qualifications equal to those required for the counterparts in the headquarters of an insurance company.

Article 25
The materials regarding business place of the proposed company mentioned in Item 9 of Article 11 of the Regulations refers to the supporting documents evidencing the ownership or use-right of the business place.

The materials concerning other facilities related to the business mentioned in Item 9 of Article 11 of the Regulations shall include at least information about configuration of computer facilities, network construction and information management system.

Article 26
The following documents or materials to be provided by a foreign insurance company for an application for the establishment of a foreign-funded insurance company according to the requirements specified in the Regulations and these Rules, shall be notarized by a public notary legally established in the local country or region, or verified by the embassy or consulate of China in that country:

(1) The business license (duplicate) or valid copy of the business license;
(2) A letter of attorney issued to the proposed person-in-charge of the branch of a foreign insurance company;
(3) A letter of guarantee of a foreign insurance company to undertake the obligations of tax and duties payment and debts repayment on behalf of its branch in China.

Article 27
A foreign-funded insurance company may apply for establishing branches as needed according to business development.

The branch of a foreign insurance company can only conduct business within the territory of the province, autonomous region or municipality where the branch is located. Where the joint-equity insurance company or wholly-owned insurance company is prepared to conduct business in any other province, autonomous region or municipality outside its locality, it shall establish a branch in the place concerned.

A foreign insurance company may, according to actual circumstances, apply for establishing a central sub-branch or sub-branch, operating office or marketing service office. The establishment and management of marketing service offices shall be subject to other applicable regulations of CIRC, if any.

Article 28
Where a joint-equity or wholly-owned insurance company which has been established with a minimum registered capital of RMB200 million, applies for the first time for the establishment of a branch in every other province, autonomous region, or municipality outside its locality, it shall increase the registered capital by no less than RMB20 million.

By the time of applying for the establishment of a branch, if the registered capital of a joint-equity or wholly-owned insurance company has reached the amount as stipulated in the preceding paragraph, the company will no longer be required to increase its registered capital.

Where the registered capital of a joint-equity or wholly-owned insurance company has reached RMB500 million and where the solvency of the company is adequate, no increase of registered capital is required when the company applies for the establishment of a branch.

Article 29
A foreign-funded insurance company that applies for the establishment of a branch shall satisfy the following requirements:

(1) Its solvency margin shall comply with relevant regulations specified by CIRC.
(2) Its internal control system is sound and there is no record of punishment; where the operating period exceeds 2 years, there is no record of punishment in the most recent 2 years;
(3) It has senior managerial personnel of the branch with the relevant qualifications specified by CIRC.

Article 30
A foreign-funded insurance company that applies for the establishment of a branch shall submit an application to CIRC and provide the following documents in triplicate:

(1) A letter of application for establishment;
(2) Audited solvency status reports as of the end of the previous fiscal year and as of the end of the last quarter;
(3) A three-year business development plan and market analysis for the proposed branch;
(4) Resume(s) of the person(s)-in-charge of the organization preparation and relevant certificates.

Article 31
CIRC shall examine the application and decide, within 20 days after receiving the complete application documents, whether or not to grant approval; in case no approval is granted, CIRC shall inform the applicant in writing of the decision and explain the reason.

After approval is granted, the applicant shall complete the preparation within 6 months. Where the applicant fails to do so within the prescribed time limit, if the reason is justified and subject to approval by CIRC, the period may be extended for 3 months. Where the preparation is still not completed within the extended period, the original approval document issued by CIRC becomes void automatically.

The preparing body may not be engaged in any commercial activities concerning insurance.

Article 32
After the preparation is completed, the applicant shall apply to CIRC for opening business and submit the following documents in triplicate:

(1) A letter of application for opening business;
(2) A progress report of the preparation work;
(3) Resume(s) of senior managerial personnel to be appointed and relevant certificates;
(4) Relevant certificates of ownership or use-right of the office for the proposed branch, information regarding the configuration of computer facilities, network construction, and internal structure and staff.

Article 33
CIRC shall decide, within 20 days after receiving the complete application documents for opening business, whether or not to grant approval; in case the application is approved, a license for conducting insurance business shall be issued to the branch; in case the application is disapproved, CIRC shall inform the applicant in writing of the decision and explain the reason.

The branch with approval for opening business shall go through the formalities of business registration at the administration department of industry and commerce by presenting the approval document and the license for conducting insurance business and accordingly obtain business license from the authority before opening business.

Article 34
Unless otherwise stipulated in these Rules, the examination and administration of the qualifications of the senior managerial personnel of a foreign-funded insurance company and its branches shall be subject to the relevant regulations of CIRC.

Article 35
Where a joint-equity or wholly-owned property insurance company applies for dissolution when it splits, or merges with another one, or dissolves pursuant to the articles of association, such dissolution must be subject to approval of CIRC and the following documents shall be submitted:

(1) A letter of application signed by the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the company;
(2) The resolution of the meeting of shareholders;
(3) Composition of the proposed liquidation group and a plan for liquidation;
(4) A proposal for solving the outstanding liabilities.

Article 36
The joint-equity or wholly-owned property insurance company whose dissolution has been approved by CIRC shall, from the date of receiving the approval document from CIRC, terminate any new business activities and hand in the license for conducting insurance business to CIRC and form a liquidation group within 15 days.

Article 37
The liquidation group shall, within 5 days after its establishment, inform the relevant authorities concerning the administration departments of industry and commerce, tax, labor and social security in writing of the liquidation procedure and conditions.

Article 38
The liquidation group shall, within 1 month from the date of establishment, appoint an accounting firm pursuant to the requirements of CIRC to conduct auditing, and shall deliver an auditor’s report to CIRC within three months from the date of appointment.

Article 39
The liquidation group shall submit the latest liability liquidation and assets disposal report to CIRC before the tenth date of each month.

Article 40
The newspaper mentioned in Article 28 of the Regulations refers to the newspaper specified by CIRC.

Article 41
The foreign property insurance company that applies for cancellation of its branch in China shall submit an application to CIRC for approval and present the following materials:

(1) A letter of application signed by the Board of Directors or General Manager of the foreign property insurance company;
(2) Composition of the proposed liquidation group and a plan for liquidation;
(3) A proposal for solving the outstanding liabilities.

The procedures of application for dissolution of a joint-equity or foreign-funded property insurance company specified in the Regulations and these Rules shall be applicable to the specific procedures for the foreign property insurance company to cancel its branch in China.

Where the head office of a branch of a foreign property insurance company is dissolved or cancelled or declared bankruptcy according to law, the liquidation and liability disposal of the branch of such foreign property insurance company shall comply with the regulations concerning dissolution of the joint-equity or wholly-owned property insurance company stipulated in Article 30 of the Regulations and these Rules.

Article 42
The foreign-funded insurance company in violation of the relevant provisions of these Rules shall be subject to punishment by CIRC according to the provisions specified in Insurance Law, the Regulations and other relevant laws and regulations.

Article 43
The documents, materials and written reports to be submitted or reported under the Regulations and these Rules shall be prepared in Chinese version, and the Chinese version shall prevail in the event of discrepancy between the Chinese version and the foreign language version.

Article 44
The period specified in the Regulations and these Rules shall start from the date when the relevant materials are delivered to CIRC. If the application documents provided by the applicant is incomplete and further delivery is needed, the period shall start from the date when the supplementary materials are delivered to CIRC.

The period concerning approval and report delivery prescribed in these Rules refers to working days.

Article 45
The issues concerning administration of a foreign-funded insurance company that are not specified in the Regulations or these Rules shall be governed by the applicable laws, administrative rules and relevant regulations of CIRC.

The establishment of a foreign-funded reinsurance company shall comply with the Regulations on Establishment of Reinsurance Companies. The issues not specified in the Regulations on Establishment of Reinsurance Companies shall be governed by these Rules.

Article 46
These Rules shall, mutatis mutandis, apply to insurance companies that are established and operated in Chinese mainland by insurance companies from Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region or Taiwan region. The issues otherwise stipulated in the laws, administrative rules or administrative protocols shall be governed by the stipulations therein.

Article 47
These Rules shall come into effect as of June 15, 2004.


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甘肃省防灾减灾责任追究暂行办法

甘肃省人民政府


甘肃省人民政府令
第91号



  《甘肃省防灾减灾责任追究暂行办法》已经2012年9月4日省政府第113次常务会议审议通过,现予公布,自公布之日起施行。


                         省 长 刘伟平
                          2012年9月6日



甘肃省防灾减灾责任追究暂行办法



  第一条 为强化各级人民政府及其部门防灾减灾主体责任,严肃处理防灾减灾工作中的失职渎职行为,确保防灾减灾责任落实,根据《中华人民共和国行政监察法》、《中华人民共和国突发事件应对法》、《中华人民共和国公务员法》等有关法律法规,结合本省实际,制定本办法。

  第二条 县级以上人民政府及其部门,以及上列人民政府及其部门中负有防灾减灾职责的工作人员,不履行、不及时履行或者不正确履行防灾减灾预防准备、监测预警、应急响应与救援处置等职责,需要追究责任的,适用本办法。

  第三条 对防灾减灾实施责任追究,应当坚持客观公正、权责一致、惩教结合、依法有序的原则。

  第四条 县级以上人民政府或者监察机关按照管理权限负责对防灾减灾工作实施责任追究。

  第五条 灾害事件发生后,负有防灾减灾统一领导职责的各级人民政府及其部门,应当按照有关规定,及时查明事件发生的原因和经过,制定改进措施。需要进行责任追究的,依照本办法及时启动责任追究程序或者向有关机关提出责任追究意见。

  第六条 在防灾减灾预防准备中有下列情形之一,应当追究责任:

  (一)未制定、修订相应的防灾减灾应急预案,或者未按照防灾减灾应急预案要求健全完善相应的组织指挥体系、责任体系、预防与预警机制、应急响应和处置机制的;

  (二)未在城乡规划和建设中合理确定应急避难场所、统筹安排防灾减灾所必需的基础设施和设备的;

  (三)未按规定建立健全应急救援队伍、应急物资储备管理调用制度的;

  (四)未对易发灾害的山体、重点河流河段堤坝、病险水库、排洪沟道、危险路段桥梁隧道、尾矿库等危险源、危险区域进行调查登记、风险评估、检查监控,采取安全防范措施、及时整治的;

  (五)未按要求建立防灾减灾信息系统的;

  (六)未按要求做好报警装置和应急救援设备、设施的日常维护、检测工作的;

  (七)未按要求组织有关部门和人员做好防灾减灾宣传教育、应急演练、专业人员培训的。

  第七条 在防灾减灾监测预警中有下列情形之一,应当追究责任:

  (一)未汇集储存、分析会商、传输通报有关灾害信息的;

  (二)迟报、瞒报、虚报、漏报有关灾害信息,或者通报、报送、公布虚假信息的;

  (三)对目前技术条件下可以预警的灾害,未及时发布警报、采取预警措施、协同有关部门迅速反应的;

  (四)未根据事态发展及时调整预警级别并重新发布和报告的。 

  第八条 在防灾减灾应急响应中有下列情形之一,应当追究责任:

  (一)未适时启动有关应急预案和应急响应,及时实施相应的动态监测、情况核查、信息通报、协调联动和控制保护措施的;

  (二)不服从上级人民政府及其部门对防灾减灾应急响应工作的统一领导、指挥和协调的。

  第九条 在防灾减灾应急救援处置中有下列情形之一,应当追究责任:

  (一)未及时组织开展应急救援工作,采取必要的应急处置和防范措施,或者因主观原因处置不当,导致发生次生、衍生灾害的;

  (二)未及时组织开展生活救助、生产自救、恢复重建等善后工作,造成严重后果或者恶劣影响的;

  (三)因处置明显失当,或者擅离职守、逃避责任,导致发生原本可以避免的重大人员伤亡和财产损失,或者加重人员伤亡和财产损失的;

  (四)不落实整改措施或者弄虚作假、消极应付,造成严重后果或者恶劣影响的;

  (五)未及时拨付、发放救灾资金、物资,造成严重后果或者恶劣影响的;

  (六)截留、挤占、挪用、私分或者变相私分应急救援资金、物资,或者对应急救援资金、物资管理不善,造成严重毁损浪费或者恶劣影响的。

  第十条 其他不履行、不及时履行或者不正确履行职责,影响防灾减灾工作、造成重大损失或者恶劣影响的,应当追究责任。

  第十一条 有本办法规定的责任追究情形,根据上级机关或者本级政府的指示、批示和要求,人大、政协、巡视机构的意见、建议,监察、审计工作中发现的问题,公民、法人或者其他组织的检举、控告,有关人民政府或者监察机关可以启动责任追究调查程序。调查结束后,需要追究责任的,按照干部管理权限作出责任追究决定或提出责任追究建议。

  第十二条 实施防灾减灾责任追究,应当根据《甘肃省突发公共事件总体应急预案》、《甘肃省自然灾害救助应急预案》、《甘肃省综合防灾减灾责任体系》以及相关专项应急预案的责任分工、部门管理职责和个人岗位职责,准确界定责任,分清集体责任与个人责任、领导责任与直接责任。

  第十三条 各级人民政府及其部门违反本办法规定,不履行、不及时履行或者不正确履行职责的,由其上级人民政府及其部门或者监察机关按照权限责令改正。

  对负有防灾减灾职责的工作人员,具有本办法第六条至第十条所列情形的,对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员,给予警告或者记过处分;情节较重的,给予记大过或者降级处分;情节严重的,给予撤职或者开除处分。对以上人员中的领导干部,根据情节轻重,可以合并使用作出书面检查、通报批评、调离岗位、责令公开道歉、停职检查、引咎辞职、责令辞职、免职。涉嫌犯罪的,移送司法机关依法处理。

  第十四条 受到责任追究的行政机关及其工作人员取消当年年度考核评优和评选各类先进的资格。

  引咎辞职、责令辞职、免职的领导干部,一年内不得重新担任与原任职务相当的领导职务;一年后如果重新担任与原任职务相当的领导职务,除应当按照干部管理权限履行审批手续外,还应当征求上一级人民政府和有关部门的意见,并进行公示。

  第十五条 在防灾减灾责任调查过程中,对阻挠干涉调查、隐瞒事实真相,打击、报复、陷害检举人、控告人、投诉人、证人以及其他有关人员的,可提请任免机关暂停其职务并依法追究责任。

  第十六条 在防灾减灾中,有下列情节之一的,可以从轻、减轻或者免予追究责任:

  (一)积极履行职责,但因客观条件的变化和情况紧迫,难以准确判断而处置失当的;

  (二)处置失当后,能够主动采取措施,有效减少人员伤亡或者财产损失,挽回社会影响的;

  (三)积极配合调查,主动承担责任,整改取得明显成效的。

  第十七条 监察机关应当加强对防灾减灾责任追究情况的监督检查,发现有应当追究而未追究或者责任追究处理不落实等问题的,应当及时督促有关部门予以纠正。

  第十八条 乡镇人民政府、街道办事处及其工作人员的防灾减灾责任追究,参照本办法执行。

  第十九条 本办法自发布之日起施行。


国务院办公厅转发城乡建设环境保护部关于加强城市环境综合整治报告的通知

国务院办公厅


国务院办公厅转发城乡建设环境保护部关于加强城市环境综合整治报告的通知
国务院办公厅



各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府,国务院各部委、各直属机构:
国务院环境保护委员会第五次会议原则通过的城乡建设环境保护部《关于加强城市环境综合整治的报告》,已经国务院同意,现转发给你们,请研究执行。
加强城市环境综合整治,对于城市建设及长远发展具有重要意义,各地应切实加强领导。组织有关方面的力量,有计划、有步骤地做好这项工作。鉴于这项工作牵涉面广,政策性强,请各地区、各部门注意总结经验,不断完善有关政策规定。

城乡建设环境保护部关于加强城市环境综合整治的报告
城市是环境保护工作的重点。近几年来,各地在开展城市环境综合整治方面做了大量工作,取得了一定成绩,有些城市的环境质量有所改善,但从总体来看,当前我国城市的大气、水体、固体废物及噪声等方面的污染仍很严重,已成为影响社会主义现代化建设的一个突出问题。为此,
必须进一步加强城市环境的综合整治工作,争取在“七五”期间使我国城市的环境质量进一步改善,逐步为人民创造安全、清洁、安静、优美的工作环境和生活环境。现将有关意见报告如下:
一、积极组织实现“七五”计划规定的城市环境保护的目标和要求。重点城市大气的总悬浮微粒,北方争取基本达到三级标准,南方达到二级标准;饮用水源地的水质争取达到二级标准;主要交通干道噪声争取昼间不超过七十分贝;城市的人均公共绿地面积达到四平方米左右,有条件
的省会城市和风景游览城市应更多一些;北京及重点风景游览城市、国家重点风景名胜区的环境质量应更好一些。风景游览区的大气环境质量,应基本上达到一级标准,游览区内的河流和湖泊的水质应达到三级标准。一般城市的环境质量要在原有基础上有所改善。
二、制定城市环境综合整治年度计划。城市环境综合整治涉及面广,工作量大,名级城市人民政府要组织各方面力量,发动城市居民有计划、有步骤地进行。各城市应根据城市的经济和社会发展计划、城市总体规划和城市环境保护规划,制定切实可行的城市环境综合整治年度计划,认
真组织实施,坚持每年办成几件改善环境质量的实事,年初公布,年中检查,年末总结。
三、按照城市的性质、规模、环境条件和功能分区,逐步合理调整城市的工业结构和布局。对个别污染、扰民严重,确实无法治理的工厂,要下决心关闭或迁移,特别是位于城市上风向、水源保护区、风景名胜区、文物保护区、居民稠密区的污染严重的工厂、要争取在近期内解决,并
不准再新建污染或破坏环境的项目。
四、综合整治城市大气污染。针对我国城市大气主要是煤烟型污染的特点,要在煤炭加工、利用等各环节采取有效措施,减少工业和生活燃煤烟气的排放量。短期内不能实现燃气化的城市,应大力发展固硫型煤,有关部门要加紧组织型煤生产工业化的科技攻关,并对发展型煤实行优质
优价政策。型煤加工生产线的建设投资,应通过地方人民政府自筹等途径解决。同时,应将低硫、无烟煤炭优先供给城市和民用,要继续搞好消烟除尘工作,抓紧市区内“烟尘控制区”的建设,“七五”期间,全国大中城市的市区应基本达到“烟尘控制区”的标准。重点城市的汽车尾气排
放指标要符合国家标准。对建筑施工现场和运输散装粉料的车辆,也要制定严格的管理措施,防止或减轻大气污染。
要大力发展城市集中供热。新建、扩建、改建的燃煤火电厂,要“热电结合”,尽量扩大对城市的供热量。新建工业区、采暖的住宅区及卫星城镇,要经济合理地推行集中供热,不应再采用分散的供热方式,对现有的小锅炉,要加快更新改造,提高效率。同时,应积极发展清洁能源。

发展城市燃气,要贯彻“多种气源、多种途径、因地制宜和合理利用能源”的方针。在新建供气厂的同时,特别要充分利用工矿余气,努力扩大现有各种气源的供气能力。有条件的城市还应积极开发廉价电能,并充分利用太阳能、地热等各种清洁能源。对向社会供应余热、余气的企业,要
给予适当的能源补偿。
五、积极治理城市水源和水系污染。对城市的饮用水源,要按照国家颁布的《生活饮用水卫生标准》,划定保护区。当前,特别要管理好城市地下水资源的开发、利用、分配等工作,制定切实可行的办法,严格控制超量开采。同时,继续大力开展城市节约用水的工作。要逐步提高排水
设施普及率和污水处理率。对生产、生活污水的处理,应坚持分散处理与集中处理相结合、单项治理与综合治理相结合的方针,统筹规划,分步实施,加快建设城市综合污水处理厂。风景游览城市、对外经济开放城市及重点环境保护城市,应首先普及污水初级处理,有计划地建设一批二级
污水处理厂;其它城市也要因地制宜地发展污水处理设施。有条件的地方应建设氧化塘,积极慎重地推广无害化污水灌溉农田技术和污水灌区污染防治技术。对已污染的河流、湖泊、近海海域和其他水体,要按照水体功能的要求,进行综合整治,并采取切实的管理措施,巩固整治效果。对
江河海洋的自净能力应注意合理利用,不得危害水体的功能。
六、抓紧研究解决城市垃圾的处理问题。各地要按照国务院办公厅转发建设部、中央爱委会《关于处理城市垃圾改善环境卫生面貌的报告》(国办发〔1986〕57号)的精神,解决好垃圾的堆放、消纳,并大力开展无害化处理和综合利用工作,变害为利。对粉煤灰、煤矸石等工业
废渣,应积极组织跨行业的综合利用。各地可按照国务院批转国家经委《关于开展资源综合利用若干问题的暂行规定》(国发〔1985〕117号)的精神,制定相应的鼓励政策。
七、综合整治城市的各类噪声。要采取加强城市道路的建设和改造,改善交通管理,规定各类机动车辆的行驶路线、行驶时间,规定禁鸣喇叭的路段等各种措施,有效地降低交通噪声。要严格控制和管理社会生活噪声,城区不准使用高音喇叭,娱乐场所的音响不得超过有关标准。位于
居民区的工厂和建设施工单位要采取措施,尽量减少噪声扰民。
八、大力植树、种草,要培育和推广有利于净化空气、减弱噪声、适合于不同地区生长的优良树种、草种,加快绿化,减少城市裸露地面。在新城建设和老城改造时,要搞好绿地建设,做到绿化和基建同步。切实注意保护林木、鸟类、水域和其它自然景观,禁止污染、破坏和侵占园林
绿地。
九、切实保障城市环境综合整治的投资。城市环境综合整治资金应当立足本地,统筹安排,合理使用,各级人民政府要随着经济的发展,相应增加投资,加快城市基础设施和环境保护设施建设。对城市环境综合整治的项目,应根据实际情况,采取优惠扶持措施。
十、各级人民政府要把城市的环境综合整治作为一项重要职责,加强领导,切实抓好。市长应对城市的环境质量全面负责,领导好城市环境综合整治工作。各级人民政府应定期向同级人民代表大会或其常务委员会报告城市环境质量和环境综合整治工作的进展情况,城市人民政府的有关
部门要按照职责分工,密切配合,大力协同,搞好城市环境综合整治工作。城市环境保护部门要会同城市的计划、经济、城建等部门,协助市长制定城市环境综合整治计划,做好组织协调工作。
要切实加强环境监督管理工作。认真执行环境保护的各项法规,健全环境监督队伍。各级人民政府应定期向城市居民公布环境质量状况和环境综合整治情况;发挥城市居民对城市环境保护的监督作用,树立“保护环境,人人有责”的社会风尚。
以上报告,已经国务院环境保护委员会第五次会议原则通过。如无不妥,建议批转各地区、各部门研究执行。



1987年5月26日

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